Norway Rat

Large, stocky body, 7 to 10 inches long with a tail shorter than the body. Fur is brown with coarse hairs and a lighter gray belly. They have small ears, a blunt snout, and small eyes relative to body size.

Nocturnal ground dwellers that burrow in soil, under concrete slabs, and along foundations. They are excellent swimmers and often enter buildings through sewer lines. They are omnivorous and will eat almost anything. Females can have 4-7 litters per year.

Burrows in soil near buildings, under concrete slabs, in crawl spaces, basements, and ground-level areas. They prefer areas with access to food and water.

Large droppings (3/4 inch, capsule-shaped) near food sources and burrow entrances. Burrow holes (2-4 inches wide) in the ground near foundations. Gnaw marks on wood, pipes, and wires. Grease marks along walls. Sounds at night.

They carry diseases including leptospirosis, hantavirus, rat-bite fever, and salmonellosis. They contaminate food and surfaces with urine and droppings. Their burrowing can undermine foundations, patios, and walkways. Chewing wires creates fire hazards.

Seal gaps around pipes and foundations with steel wool and caulk. Eliminate outdoor food sources. Keep garbage in sealed bins. Remove clutter and debris from the yard. Fix leaky outdoor faucets. Trim vegetation away from the ground level.